The Dinosource

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksDreadnoughtus on Wikipedia Scipionyx on Wikipedia ReferencesRiley Black on dinosaur lungs Much of the research for this episode came from The Sauropod Dinosaurs by Hallett and Wedel Some additional research came from The Dinosauria, 2nd edition Brocklehurst’s most recent paper on dinosaur breathing from 2020 Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksLufengosaurus on Wikipedia Elasmotherium of Wikipedia ReferencesTyler Green on the “Four Dinosaurs of the Apocalypse” Fluffy T. rex meme The penguin/sauropod meme Starkey Comics on the stealing of his Lufengosaurus meme Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksKentrosaurus on Wikipedia Acrocanthosaurus on Wikipedia ReferencesKurzgesagt’s video on exploding mice About 50 people per year in the US are killed by farm animals Pachycephalosaurus packed a punch Riley Black’s explanation of the Acrocanthosaurus trackway Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksOrnithomimus on Wikipedia Lambeosaurus on Wikipedia ReferencesThe Tumblr post that has been screen-shotted and shared around. If you know of an earlier source than this post please get in touch! Slate on what dinosaurs tasted like What dinosaur would be tastiest? Yeah, it’s a surprisingly common news article. One of the only sources I could find mentioning both Cadmium and the Late Cretaceous. A source I found after recording indicates that there may be some truth to the idea that cadmium was more present in the soil for some time in the Cretaceous. Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksTarbosaurus on Wikipedia Ubirajara on Wikipedia ReferencesNicolas Cage Returns Stolen Mongolian Dinosaur Skull Martill is quoted on the ethics of fossil poaching Ubirajara’s press coverage from before the paper was “temporarily removed” Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksTarbosaurus on Wikipedia Ubirajara on Wikipedia ReferencesNicholas Cage Returns Stolen Mongolian Dinosaur Skull Martill is quoted on the ethics of fossil poaching Ubirajara’s press coverage from before the paper was “temporarily removed” Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksDiabloceratops on Wikipedia Euoplocephalus on Wikipedia ReferencesDon Henderson’s first paper on modeling dinos Henderson’s “Tipsy Punters” paper Hone and Holtz’s Spinosaurus paper Animal Planet’s video about hippos swimming Lythronax was the dinosaur Michaela was trying to mention Bloat and Float examined Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksPatagotitan on Wikipedia Giganotosaurus on Wikipedia ReferencesYes, dinosaurs were big (shocker) A fun paper on how sauropods got as big as they did Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksAnchiornis on Wikipedia Kulindadromeus on Wikipedia ReferencesLet’s Make a Music’s album including “Utah: Industry” Mark Witton on the phenomenon of “feather resistance” Mark Witton (again) on whether or not T. rex had feathers; also included is some good examples of paleoart featuring feathered rexes Your Dinosaurs Are Wrong did a whole episode on feathers which is quite informative! Fable the raven (who can talk!) Kiwi and Pixel’s channel featuring birdphone Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksCedarosaurus on Wikipedia Bonitasaura on Wikipedia ReferencesA pop-sci article about the Malone 2021 paper Malone et al’s paper hypothesizing sauropod gastroliths and long-distance migration The first Wings paper quoted by Malone which argues strongly that most supposed gastroliths are just weird rocks The second Wings paper that argues that most sauropod gastroliths were also just weird rocks Fricke et al with evidence of sauropod migration over ~300km Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Join our Alliance in Jurassic World: Alive, the mobile game! Search for "Dinosource Podcast", and if that doesn't work send us an email or a tweet! Featured Creatures - Quick LinksWikipedia article on Magyarosaurus Wikipedia article on Struthiosaurus ReferencesTwitter account of Riley Black; consider following her tweets instead of reading too much more about Nopcsa! She’s written a ton of paleontology news articles for the wider public as well as a couple books! Twitter account of Natalia Jagielska, a paleontologist studying pterosaurs (lots of great art in the account) A documentary about Nopcsa and his boyfriend/secretary Doda The Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences’ video about Nopcsa Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksWikipedia article on Maiasaura Wikipedia article on Citipati ReferencesDinosaurs laid soft-shelled eggs for the most part Riley Black says “no, dinosaurs didn’t die out because they were all boys” The “Mafia hypothesis” on Wikipedia Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksBrontomerus on Wikipedia Staurikosaurus on Wikipedia ReferencesDescription of Psittacosaurus’ butt by Bell et al, 2020 Femoral retraction in dinosaurs and the importance of the caudofemoralis longus by Gatesy, 1990 Description of Staurikosaurus by Colbert, 1970 Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksThecodontosaurus on Wikipedia Anhanguera on Wikipedia ReferencesSakagami, 2020; a typical paper about dinosaur neurobiology. Figure 5 is the picture of Triceratops’ skull with its brain superimposed. The brain is very small. No, Stegosaurus didn’t have a second brain in its butt. Walsh et al, 2009; predicting hearing ranges based on dinosaur skull proportions. Ballell, 2020; Thecodontosaurus paleoneurology description. Witmer et al, 2003; both a good primer on determining head posture from labyrinth and a description of Anhanguera’s skull. Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksSharovipteryx on Wikipedia\r\nDryptosaurus on Wikipedia (with Leaping Laelaps shown at the bottom of the page)\r\nReferencesPyrite disease, further explained\r\nGet In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com\r\nTwitter: @TheDinosource\r\nThanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.\r\n\r\n\r\n

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksHeterodontosaurus on Wikipedia\r\nIchthyornis on Wikipedia\r\nReferencesDollo’s Law of Irreversability\r\nMergansers (which are ducks)\r\nBrocklehurst and Field, 2021; a very good summary of the most up-to-date theories behind dinosaur tooth loss\r\nField et al, 2018; more of Field’s work on avian edentulousness and what made it throug the K-Pg extinction event\r\nGet In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com\r\nTwitter: @TheDinosource\r\nThanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.\r\n

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksSinosauropteryx’s Wikipedia page\r\nTupandactylus’ Wikipedia page\r\nTupandactylus looking very polite, at least in David’s opinion\r\nThe extremely cursed T. rex skull from Stevens, 2006\r\nReferencesStevens, 2006; the paper with the cursed T. rex, and also some thoughts on bird head-bobbing\r\nKoschowitz et al, 2014; discusses the idea that dinosaur vision was a contributing factor to feather evolution\r\nHall, 2008; sclerotic ring size alone doesn’t predict nocturnality, you also need orbit depth\r\nSchmitz and Motani, 2011; hey guys look we predict nocturnality based on sclerotic ring size alone\r\nHall et al, 2011; you absolute numpties\r\nOther LinksApologies, but it seems like Adam Savage’s “raptor” build has been removed from YouTube\r\nGet In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com\r\nTwitter: @TheDinosource\r\nThanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.\r\n\r\n\r\n

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksCryolophosaurus Wikipedia page Appalachiosaurus Wikipedia page ReferencesComet shard, not asteroid, caused the dino extinction A good primer on taphonomic bias David Hone discussing North Korean fossils and other sources of bias What we know about Ceratopsians in Appalachia (not much) Yes, shrimp existed in the Mesozoic (and at least as far back as the Carboniferous) Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

Featured Creatures - Quick LinksSpinosaurus Wikipedia page Baryonyx Wikipedia page GlossarySpinosaurus aegyptiacus: One of the largest theropod chompy-bois to have ever lived, measuring between 12 and 18m when fully grown and weighing in at 21 tons by some (incredibly unreasonable) estimates. A minimum weight estimate of 7 tons means that this is still no joke of a dino. Although Spinosaurus lived during the late Cretaceous, it was still on the scene about 10-20 million years before T. rex showed up. The first remains were found in North Africa by Richard Markgraf in 1912 and were described by Ernst Stromer. “Spino-” comes from “spine”, referring to the tall neural spines on the creature’s vertebrae, and “aegyptiacus” refers to Egypt, where the first fossils were found, giving “spined lizard from Egypt”. Baryonyx walkeri: A spooky chompy-boi theropod from the Early Cretaceous of England. William Walker is noted as a “plumber and amateur fossil collector” in England; he found the first fossils of Baryonyx in 1983. Alan Charig and Angela Milner described the near-complete fossil which would have measured between 7 and 10m in life and weighed up to 2 tons. “Bary-” comes from the Greek “barus” meaning “heavy”, and “onyx” means “claw”, as in Acinonyx (a.k.a. the cheetah), giving “heavy claw”, so named because the first specimen collected was one of the creature’s claws. The specific name honors Walker, who found the first fossils in a clay pit. ReferencesHone and Holtz, 2021; the most recent paper to cause Spino controversy Ibrahim et al, 2020; in which the new tail is revealed Ibrahim et al, 2020 (but slightly earlier); a general review of the Kem Kem Beds where Spino fossils have been discovered Ibrahim et al, 2014; Spino had lil bitty legs Scott Hartman on Spino’s sail shape Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.

ReferencesDr Dave Hone discussing fossil examination under UV Hone and Tischingler on Microraptor under UV Interview with Hone about the paper Scientists have used UV light to reconstruct pigmentation on fossil snail shells Turns out birds have more going on in the UV spectrum than we can see with our dumb human eyes No, that viral video wasn’t showing pigeons’ natural UV fluorescence A re-examination of Juravenator with pictures under UV courtesy of Helmut Tischlinger Get In TouchEmail: dinosourcepodcast@gmail.com Twitter: @TheDinosource Thanks to June "McGreatness" Paik for our lovely podcast artwork.