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Podcast
Thinking in English
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Thinking in English is a podcast for intermediate and advanced English learners who want to do more than just study grammar and vocabulary.
I believe that thinking is one of the most important steps on the road to fluency. That’s why each episode explores fascinating topics, from politics, economics, and history to philosophy, science, and culture.
Instead of simply learning English, this podcast helps you learn in English. You’ll expand your knowledge, discover new ideas, and improve your language skills, all at the same time.
Bonus episodes and ad-free episodes, exclusive for Patreon subscribers: https://www.patreon.com/collection/869866
Join our Conversation Clubs and support the podcast: https://www.patreon.com/thinkinginenglish
Visit the website: https://thinkinginenglish.blog/
Thinking in English is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to advertise on Thinking in English.
Thinking in English is a podcast for intermediate and advanced English learners who want to do more than just study grammar and vocabulary.
I believe that thinking is one of the most important steps on the road to fluency. That’s why each episode explores fascinating topics, from politics, economics, and history to philosophy, science, and culture.
Instead of simply learning English, this podcast helps you learn in English. You’ll expand your knowledge, discover new ideas, and improve your language skills, all at the same time.
Bonus episodes and ad-free episodes, exclusive for Patreon subscribers: https://www.patreon.com/collection/869866
Join our Conversation Clubs and support the podcast: https://www.patreon.com/thinkinginenglish
Visit the website: https://thinkinginenglish.blog/
Thinking in English is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to advertise on Thinking in English.
378. Moving to the UK?: UK’s New Immigration Policies Explained! (English Vocabulary Lesson)
Episode in
Thinking in English
Is it becoming harder to move to a new country?
Everywhere seems to be tightening the rules. Canada, the US, Australia, Europe, Japan, the UK. Countries that once focused on attracting people are now focused on control, limits, and conditions. And these changes are happening fast.
If you’re thinking about moving to the UK, already living in the UK, or interested in how the world and immigration is changing, I think this episode matters to you. Because what’s happening in British immigration policy is part of a much bigger global shift.
Today, we’re going to break down the UK’s new immigration plans. We’ll talk about what’s changing, who will be affected, and why these rules are becoming stricter.
As this is Thinking in English, I’ll avoid legal jargon, explain everything clearly, and highlight the key vocabulary as we go, so you can understand the policy and improve your English at the same time.
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/03/09/378-moving-to-the-uk-uks-new-immigration-policies-explained-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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25:38
377. History of Berlin! (English Vocabulary Lesson)
Episode in
Thinking in English
Berlin is one of the most iconic cities in the world. Few cities have been destroyed so completely, divided so deeply, and then rebuilt so many times.
Understanding Berlin’s past helps us understand the development of Germany and Europe. The rise of empires, the impact of nationalism, the horrors of totalitarianism, and the tension of the Cold War are all part of this city’s history. Berlin’s story is not just local; it reflects some of the biggest political and social forces of the last 800 years.
In this episode, we’ll follow Berlin’s journey from its medieval beginnings, through its rise as the capital of a powerful empire, into a city torn in two during the Cold War, and finally to its reunification as the capital of a united Germany.
And at the same time, we will learn some important and useful English vocabulary!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/03/02/377-history-of-berlin-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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27:53
376. Who was Alan Turing? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
Episode in
Thinking in English
Every time you type a message, unlock your phone, or trust a computer to make a decision, you’re relying on the ideas of someone you may never have heard of and probably never learned about at school.
That person is Alan Turing. He was a British mathematician, logician, and wartime codebreaker, and one of the most important figures in modern science and technology.
Turing helped lay the foundations of modern computing. He played a crucial role in breaking Nazi codes during the Second World War. And he asked questions about machines that still shape how we think about artificial intelligence today. His influence is everywhere, from the security that protects your data to the algorithms behind AI.
In this episode, I want to explore Alan Turing’s life, his scientific achievements, and the legacy he left behind, before connecting his story to my Greatest Scientist of All Time series.
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/02/16/375-do-we-live-in-a-surveillance-society-prepositions-of-place-english-grammar-lesson/
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24:56
375. Do We Live in a Surveillance Society? – Prepositions of Place (English Grammar Lesson)
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Thinking in English
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Last year, I was walking on the street back home in the UK, and I started noticing just how many security cameras there were around me. There were cameras on lampposts, cameras in shops, and cameras at train stations, quietly watching people come and go. Once you start looking for them, you see them everywhere…. on the walls, in buildings, and at entrances.
What’s interesting is that most of the time, we don’t even notice them. We walk in our cities, shop in stores, and commute at stations without really thinking about how much we’re being watched. Surveillance has become such a normal part of life that it fades into the background.
So here’s the question I want you to think about. When you walk in your city, how many cameras do you think are watching you? And do you feel safer because of them? or do they make you feel a little uncomfortable?
In today’s episode, we’re going to explore what it really means to live in a surveillance society. We’ll look at the benefits, at the risks, and at the ethical questions surrounding surveillance.
At the same time, I’ll help you practise using prepositions of place, in, on, and at, naturally and in real, meaningful context in this episode of Thinking in English Grammar!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/02/16/375-do-we-live-in-a-surveillance-society-prepositions-of-place-english-grammar-lesson/
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23:15
374. Is There an AI Bubble? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
Episode in
Thinking in English
Artificial intelligence is everywhere right now. We use it to write emails, generate images, recommend videos, and even help study English. Some people believe AI will completely change the world, just like the internet did. Others are more sceptical and worry that the excitement has gone too far.
Every day on the news, we hear about new AI startups worth billions of dollars, governments investing huge amounts of money, and tech companies racing to become the next AI leader. There is a lot of optimism, but also a lot of hype.
Some people are starting to question whether we are we seeing real, long-term growth, or are we living through an AI bubble?
In today’s episode of Thinking in English, we’ll explore what an economic bubble really is, look at famous bubbles from history, and ask whether artificial intelligence is following the same pattern or whether this time is different. At the same time, we’ll learn some useful English vocabulary!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/02/09/374-is-there-an-ai-bubble-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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24:46
373. What is Code-Switching?: A Guide for English Learners (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Thinking in English
Today we’re going to explore a topic that I notice again and again whenever I work with bilingual people, speak with people who are studying a second language, and actually notice inside my own family: code switching.
You’ve probably done it yourself. You start a sentence in English, suddenly use a word from your native language, then switch back again. This is a form of code switching and is extremely common. Code switching happens all around the world, in every culture, anywhere multilingual people communicate.
So, what exactly is code switching? Why do bilingual and multilingual speakers mix languages like this? Is it a sign that your English is improving? Or could it be something that slows down your progress?
In this episode, we’re going to break it down clearly and practically. We’ll look at what code switching is, why people do it, and most importantly how to manage code switching as a language learner!
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22:17
372. Does History Repeat Itself? – Prepositions of Time (English Grammar Lesson)
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Thinking in English
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People often say history repeats itself… but does it really?
When we look back at the past, certain events feel strangely familiar. Pandemics that spread across the world. Wars that change everything. Economic crashes that seem to happen just when people feel most confident about the future.
Even though the details are different, the patterns can feel… repeated.
Also, when we talk about history, time matters. Not just what happened, but when it happened. How specific we are, and how we describe time in English. We talk about events in certain centuries, on particular days, and at exact moments that changed the world.
So in today’s episode, we’ll do two things.
First, I’ll give you a short and clear grammar lesson on prepositions of time: in, on, andat. Then, we’ll explore some big moments from history and ask whether history really does repeat itself. As you listen, pay attention to how I use in, on, and at!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/01/26/372-does-history-repeat-itself-prepositions-of-time-english-grammar-lesson/
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18:15
371. Charles Darwin: Greatest Scientist of All Time? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Thinking in English
In the 19th century, a quiet, curious naturalist named Charles Darwin proposed a theory that went on the shake science, religion, and philosophy. Darwin introduced a new way of thinking about life itself.
His theory of evolution by natural selection revealed that every species (humans included) changes over time, adapts to its environment, and shares common ancestors.
In today’s episode of Thinking in English, I want to explore the life of Charles Darwin, look closely at his most important discoveries, and discuss how his ideas still influence modern biology.
And finally, we’ll discuss a big question: Is Charles Darwin the greatest scientist of all time?
And while we are doing this, we’ll practice our English listening comprehension and learn some new English vocabulary!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/01/19/371-charles-darwin-greatest-scientist-of-all-time-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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22:33
370. What is the World’s Oldest Civilisation? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
Episode in
Thinking in English
People love to debate history, especially when it comes to who was first. Last year, I made an episode about the oldest country in the world. I argued that the answer might be San Marino, because it has a long, continuous history as an independent state.
And the reaction from listeners was… quite intense! I received comments from people around the world saying things like: “No, Egypt is older!” or “China has been around for thousands of years!” or “What about Iran?”.
All of these arguments were interesting. But I think they were also missing something important: a country and a civilisation are not the same thing.
So today, instead of talking about the oldest country, we’re asking a deeper question: What is the world’s oldest civilisation?
This question is not easy to answer. In fact, it depends on how we define civilisation itself. And historians don’t always agree on that definition. But there is a popular idea called the Cradles of Civilisation. These are places in the world where human societies first grew into complex, organised, urban cultures.
So, in today’s episode, we’ll explore these ancient cradles, find out what makes a civilisation, and decide whether there really is one society we can call “the oldest civilisation in the world,” all while learning some new English vocabulary!
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28:55
369. History of Australia! (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Thinking in English
Australia is a country that many English learners dream of visiting, studying in, or even working in. Its beaches, culture, and cities are famous all over the world. But how much do you really know about the history of this country?
In today’s episode, I want to discuss the development of Australia, from the first Aboriginal Australians who arrived tens of thousands of years ago, to the European settlers, the creation of modern Australia, and life today.
Along the way, I’ll explain important vocabulary and expressions, so you can improve your listening and speaking skills as we explore the fascinating story of Australia together.
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2026/01/05/369-history-of-australia-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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21:50
368. How to Make Resolutions for 2026 (English Vocabulary Lesson)
Episode in
Thinking in English
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Last year, I made an episode where I openly shared my goals and New Year’s resolutions for 2025. Now, it’s time to look back and see how I did.
In this episode, I’ll review my 2025 goals. I’ talk about what I achieved, what I only partially achieved, and where I failed. And there were definitely some failures.
I’ll also share my personal and professional goals for 2026 and hopefully give you some ideas for your own New Year’s resolutions.
Remember, I’m not perfect, and neither are you, but we can try! Let’s take a look at what I learned last year and what’s coming next.
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2025/12/29/368-how-to-make-resolutions-for-2026-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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21:06
End of Year Update & Free Bonus Episode
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Thinking in English
This is a short end-of-year bonus episode of Thinking in English. In this episode, I share a few important updates as we move towards the new year.
The Thinking in English AGM 2025 (Bonus Episode)
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03:25
367. The Strange Story of Christmas Island: Exploitation, Occupation, and Refugees! (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Thinking in English
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Welcome to a special Thinking in English Christmas episode!
Today’s lesson isn’t about Santa Claus, reindeer, Christmas trees, or anything you might normally expect at this time of year. Instead, I want to talk about a place that literally carries the name Christmas: Christmas Island.
Christmas Island sounds like a cheerful and festive place. Photos of the island show bright blue oceans, white beaches, tropical forests, and its famous red crabs that are often featured in nature documentaries.
But behind the beautiful scenery and joyful name lies a far more complicated, and often dark, history. Christmas Island has been home to exploited migrant workers, brutal colonial mining operations, Japanese wartime occupation, and, more recently, Australia’s controversial refugee detention centre.
So today, in this Christmas special, let’s explore why one of the world’s most festive-sounding islands has such a complex past, while learning some new English vocabulary!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2025/12/22/367-the-strange-story-of-christmas-island-exploitation-occupation-and-refugees-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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18:07
366. Do We Live in a Post-Truth Society? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Thinking in English
In a world of social media, fake news, and deepfakes… how can we know what’s true anymore?
The phrase “post-truth” has become one of the defining ideas of our time. Politicians lie without consequence, misinformation spreads faster than facts, and many people seem to trust their feelings more than solid evidence. As a result, truth itself seems less influential than emotion or personal belief.
In today’s episode, we’re going to explore what it means to live in a post-truth society…. a society where the line between fact and opinion is increasingly blurred, and where it can feel harder than ever to know what is real.
At the same time, I’ll introduce some new and useful vocabulary, and we will practice our English listening comprehension!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2025/12/15/366-do-we-live-in-a-post-truth-society-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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19:46
365. Who Was Ramanujan? The Greatest Mathematician of All Time? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Thinking in English
Today I want to talk about one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. A genius who, with almost no formal training, made mathematical discoveries that still astonish experts today. His name is Srinivasa Ramanujan, and his story is as extraordinary as the mathematical formulas he created.
Despite growing up in poverty and facing enormous challenges, Ramanujan produced ideas that continue to shape modern mathematics.
This episode is part of my Greatest Scientists Series, where we explore the lives and contributions of people who transformed our understanding of the world (while learning some new English vocabulary). And today, I want to ask an interesting question: can a mathematician like Ramanujan be considered a scientist?
Over the next few minutes, we’ll explore his early life in India, his journey to England, the famous collaboration with G.H. Hardy, his remarkable discoveries, his legacy, and finally, we’ll reflect on the role of mathematics itself in the world of science.
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2025/12/08/365-who-was-ramanujan-the-greatest-mathematician-of-all-time-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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19:13
364. What is the EU? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Thinking in English
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What is the EU?
Is it just a group of countries in Europe? Is it a trade bloc? Or is it something much more complex?
When people talk about the EU, they often mention things like the Euro, the Schengen Zone, or European laws, but many people don’t actually know what the EU really is or how it works.
In today’s episode of Thinking in English, I want to explore the European Union, which I think one of the most ambitious and influential political projects in modern history. We’ll look at what the EU actually is, how and why it was created, and what its main institutions do. I’ll also try to clear up some common confusions, like the difference between the Eurozone, the Schengen Area, and the EU itself.
Finally, we’ll examine its successes and criticisms, discuss why the United Kingdom decided to leave, and consider what the future of the European Union might look like, all while learning some new vocabulary and practicing your English comprehension!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2025/12/01/364-what-is-the-eu-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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27:39
363. History of Mexico City! (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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The biggest city in North America isn’t New York or Los Angeles, it’s Mexico City.
Mexico City is also the oldest capital city in the entire Americas and the largest Spanish-speaking city in the world.
Today, this enormous metropolis is home to over twenty million people. But its story began centuries ago, long before the arrival of the Spanish, when it was an island city built by the Aztecs in the middle of a vast lake.
In this episode of Thinking in English, we’re going to explore the incredible history of Mexico City from its origins as the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlán, to its destruction and rebirth under Spanish rule, and finally, to its rise as a vibrant and dynamic modern city.
At the same time, we will learn some new and useful English vocabulary and practice our listening comprehension at the same time!
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23:59
362. What is the 2025 Word of the Year? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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The Collins Dictionary Word of the Year is… Vibe Coding!
In this Thinking in English episode, I’m going to define and explain the term vibe coding and talk about why it was chosen as the Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary. I’ll also discuss some of the other contenders and runners up for the 2025 Word of the Year, including Broligarchy, Task Masking, and Micro-Retirement.
These are interesting words and are connected to some fascinating changes and problems in modern society!
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TRANSCRIPT - https://thinkinginenglish.blog/2025/11/17/362-what-is-the-2025-word-of-the-year-english-vocabulary-lesson/
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25:28
361. What Are Idioms, Euphemisms, and Slang? (And Should You Learn Them?) (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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Have you ever heard someone say, “kick the bucket” or “pass away,” and felt confused? They both have the meaning of “die”… but are used in different contexts.
English, like all languages, is full of phrases and expressions that don’t always make sense if you look at the words literally.
Native speakers use this kind of language all the time… in conversations, TV shows, songs, and workplaces. But for English learners, idiomatic and informal expressions can be some of the hardest parts of the language to understand.
In today’s episode, we’re going to explore idioms, euphemisms, and slang. These are three important (and sometimes confusing) types of everyday English. We’ll talk about what they mean, why native speakers use them, and whether you should spend time learning and using them yourself.
By the end of this episode, you’ll have a clearer idea of how these kinds of expressions work and how understanding them can help you sound more natural and follow native-level conversations more easily.
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24:01
360. What is Wales? (English Vocabulary Lesson)
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When people think of the United Kingdom, they often think of England. Maybe, on a rare occasion, they might also think of Scotland. But the United Kingdom is made up of four historic countries, including the proud nation of Wales.
Wales is a small country with a big identity. It has its own language, culture, and its own parliament. Yet many people around the world know surprisingly little about it.
In today’s episode, we’re going to explore what Wales really is. We’ll discuss its geography, history, language, and culture.
Along the way, I’ll try to emphasise what makes Wales unique within the United Kingdom and introduce you to some new and useful English vocabulary!
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22:41
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